Primary battery.



No. 888,407` PATBNTED MAY 19, 1908. C. B. SCHOENMEHL.

PRIMARY BATTERY.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 21. 190e.

5mm/who@ @vi/Mmmm CHARLES B. SCHOENMEHL, OF WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT.

PRIMARY BATTERY.

No. estancaI Specification of'Letters Patent.

Patented May 19, 1908.

Application filed July 21, 1905. Serial No. 327,122.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

`Be it known that I, CHAaLns B. SCHOEN- MnHL, a citizen of the United States, and resident of-VVaterbury, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have in- `lvented `certain new and useful Improvements `in Primary Batteries, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in 0 compressed oXid of copper and zine types of primary batteries.

It is the chief object of my invention to produce an improved form of battery whereby may get the minimum amount of' internal resistance, and to so construct the battery that an internal short circuiting between the twoelements would be impossible.; to reduce the 'size of a battery of a given capacity and to form it more compact and more durable than batteries of this particular class have heretofore been made, thereby producing a batter which will be especially adapted for automo iles yachts, reapers and similar uses.

rThe Aseveral types of compressed oxid of' copper and zinc couples 4of batteries now upon the market have said elements supported from the cover of the jar, the copper element bei usually supported central of the`jar and t e zinc encircling the same or sometimes arranged in two parts on either sideof `the copper. and at a sufficient distance therefrom to prevent the contacting of one element withthe other7 .which feature varies somewhat in the dill'erent types and according to the particularclass of Work to which it is to be a plied. More or less trouble, however, has een experienced with batteries of the above type by reason of the fact that sooner or later in the use of the batteries oneor the other or perhaps both of the elementsfbeco'me loosened at their point of attachment to the cover and as a result swing to one side orl the other in a way to engage the coacting elements, forming a short circuit and destroying the eticiency of the battery. It is also true that the further these elements are located a art the less efficient the batteries are an therefore it is particularly delsirable. to arrange said elements as close together as possib e and yet avoid the liability of thetrouble above noted.` l

In my improved constructibn therefore I have designed a battery whereby the two lelements may be brought very close together and suicintly so that one will assist in supporting the other, thus making them abso-A lutely rigid with relationto t e cover. I

-employ intermediate of said elements a perforated insulating sheet, supported in any suitable Way, and of such a design as to positively prevent said elements engaging one with the other, yetl at thesame time insuring their free and unobstructed coaction, through the medium of a suitable caustic soda solu-V tion, of one element with the other.

With the above objects in view I have designed the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts shown upon the accompanying sheet of drawin forming a part of this specification, upon rlich sim: ar numerals of reference denote like or corresponding parts throughout the several'figures and of which, i

Figure 1shows a central vertical sectional elevation through a battery containing a compressed copper oXid element, and a cylindrical zinc surrounding the same, and my improved insulator intermediate of, and in combination with said elements. Fig. 2, is a transverse sectional plan view, of an annular zinc, a. compressed copper oXid cylinder, and a corrugated sheet of insulating material, arranged-'intermediate of said elements. Fig. 3, shows a detail elevation, of a small piece of wire mesh which may be dipped or covered with an insulating reparation, such for instance as liquid rub er, to form aperforated A sheet from Wire, covered with an insulator.

Referring in detail to the characters of reference marked upon the drawing, 7' indi- `cates a jar which obviously may be of any preferred design. 8 a porcelain cover adapted to rest upon the top edge of the jar, and having a depending flange 9 to enter the jar, and havinga recess to receive a rubber gasketvlO that engages the inner side Wall ofthe jar in a Way to firmly support the cover in place upon the jar.

11 represents a compressed cylindrical copper oXid element, supported from the cover by a threaded rod 12 central of the jar through the vmedium of a jam nut 14 and against which a binding nut 15 operates to engage a field wire, not shown. i

16 re resents a filling piece of insulating materia encircling the rod 12 and arrange -intermediate of the top of the cylinder and rod and nut efore mentioned.

17 indicates a cylindrical Zinc, which is likewise supported from the cover, through the medium of threaded suspending rods 1S arranged at either side.

2O and 21 are jani nuts to engage the rods upon the top side ofthe cover. The jam npt 21 is provided With a thumb or clamping nut 22 by means of which the second field wireV (not sliown)`i`s connected to the zinc pole.

23 represents a perforated sheet of insulating material such for instance as hard; rubber, and which lcovers the sides of the compressed copper cxid and is arranged intermediate thereof and the zinc. in Fig. 1, this perforated sheet is shown as being turned in at the top as at 24, to engage the top surf-ace of the cylinder in a way to be supported thereon. In practice the number of perforations contained in this insulating sheet may be greater or lesser than that-indicated in the drawing, to insure the results desired. 1npractice also, We iind it preferable for convenience in manipulating the cover and elements attached thereto to' connect this insulating sheet ,toy theV negative element.' lt is also true that the particular design of this sheet of insulatingniaterial, -niay be Varied to contorni to the size and shape oi 'the negative and positive elements employed.- These sheets niay further be' corrugated and the corrugations may arranged in any suitable manner as for instance vertically as shown at 26 in Fig. 2.

While hard rubber is probably the most eiective material from which to make the sheets yet .it-is practical to form them of other material' as lfor instance wire mesh vshown at 2? in Fig. 3, and by coating the saai-cr saine with rubber or other insulating material. to an insulator formed solely of hardrubber, but reserve the right to use a perforated iii-- sulating sheet of any preferred kind.

A. battery constructed upon the above lines with a yery thin perforated insulating separator interposed between the positive f and negative element is over 10() percent.

more efficient than the old types of batteries, which is due solely to the possibledecre'ase of internal resistance between the two elements 50' It yis practical to reduce the internal resistance of my present battery to less than 1 100 of an chin, whereas the commercial oXid of copper and zinc batteries on the market today, have anywhere iroin three to six 1/100-.55

of an chin internal resistance.

Having thus described my invention what l claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is in a primary'battery of the class described, 60

` oXid element adjacent thereto and also supported from said cover, and a cylindrical perforated insulating separator with an inwardly projecting supporting flange adapted to bear against said copper oxid element.

Signed at Bridgeport in the county ofcFairfield and State of Connecticut this 19th day 'zo of July A. D., 1906.

CHARLES B. SCHOENMEHL.

- 'Witnessesz C. M. NEWMAN, RUTH RAYMOND.

Therefore l do not wish to be coniined 40 

